Apparatus for making files.



APPLICATION FILED AUG. 9, 1910.

Patented Aug. 15, 1911.

- 2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

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J. BEOHE;

APPARATUS FOR MAKING FILES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG 9, 1910. ooasssl.

Patented Aug. 15, 1911.

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Specification of Letters latent. Application filed August 9, 1910. serial Ho. 576,318.

Patented Aug. "5, 19111. 1 w

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEAN"BI'ICHI, a subect of the King of Prussia, German-Emperor, residing "at Hiickeswagen, in the 5 Province of the Rhine, Kingdom of Prussia,

German Empire, and useful Apparatus which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus for making files.

The novelty resides in the particular construction set forth and then particularly pointed out in the claim. V

. .The apparatus for making cycloidal shaped-file teeth will now be described more '.exactly by aid of the drawing.

The cutter f is formed of a steel ring or tube in which in a radial direction, a spiral is cut-with, a pitch equal to the teeth divisions of the file (see Figures 52,-? and 6). This threading is provided with cuts and reversed. Hereby are 'roduc'ed the cutting teeth (see Figs; 4 and 7). In order that every separate tooth of the cutter must do its determined work, the teeth are also arranged in the axial direction as a spiral, and this moreover with a pitch equal to .the depth of the teeth.

Fig, 8 shows the cross section ofthe cutter and c indicates the pitch of the cutter teeth in'the axial direction, consequently the tooth division of the file, while I) indi' cates the pitch of the cutting teeth in the axial direction.

Fig. 6 shows an elevation of the cutter and the axial pitch is shown like I) on an enlarged scale for increased clearness. The distance cfl b is consequently the depth of the file teeth.

Fig. 4 shows'the developed tooth line of the cutter teeth. The tooth 0 lies on the left side level upon the file (Fig. 3). Each following cutter tooth lies by the amount b of the tooth depth di ided by the number of,

the cutter teeth deeper than the horizontal. Consequently if the last tooth c has passed the file, then one file tooth is cut'finished. Fig. 3 shows therefore the beginmng of the cutting, Fig. 5 the completion of'a file tooth. Moreover Fig. 2 shows how the cutter rotates over the file i. The lowest point of the cutter teeth a has passed the file and the tooth is finished, while the highest teeth a and the next following teeth of the cutter have already begun anew tooth. In the arrangement of the .tooth divisions, itwould be irrational to have invented certain new; for Making Files, of

- work I arrange the cutter with several fang, they appear to be convex, thus the file grip cutter spirals shown- (see Figs. 2, 6, 7) there consequently cor responds to each turn of the cutter the com pletion of one file tooth. In the construct'on of files with small so make use of an entire cutter revolution for the making of a single file toot-h. For such threadings. Fi 9 shows the arrangement of four threadings. Here also a corre sponds to the tooth division, and in this arrangement at one-fourth of at tempt the cutter a tooth is produced. The file shown hasa great practical ad; vantage. The teeth of the file are, in contrast to known files, curved toward the so that viewed from the fang-end,

is better in working. Whereas the known 7.5 file-teeth, curved in an opposite direction, push the material slantingly. outward, force components, which try to push the material toward the middle of the file are created in the new file. This difference causes often in the known files, a sliding on the, material, but in the new file, a better gripping-is produced. Especially can this be seen if an edge or corner has to be filed in. which the file only files lengthwise. It the file-teeth are curved concave to the tang, the counterpressure, caused by the material, pushed slantingly outward, acts through a component on the file in such a mannert that the same glide oil the edge. But, it the teeth are convex, to the tang, the counter-pressure of the material causes the fileto gripfirmly. 0 course, this advantage is not only for cycloidal formed teeth, but also for other teeth curvedtoward thefang. Prac-ea' t-ically the best form of the teeth is the cycloidal form. i

Fig. 1 shows the entire section of the o1itter and its arrangement upon the file. The cutter is somewhat. inclined to the surface of the file, so that the teeth opposed to thecutting teeth do not injure the already cut file. The file itself is fixed upon a support which, by well known means, draws the file in the horizontal direction under the cutter. The speed of the file is of course so regulated that according to Figs. 2 and 7 at each revolution of the cutter the file moves on by the amount of one tooth division, while according to the arrangement shown in Fig. .9 the file must' move on by the four-fo1d'- amount of the tooth division.

ire

I order that under all circumstances a definite depth of teeth is assured, there is 'rovided abovethe cutter holder 9 an adustable projection as shown in Fig. I in the .shape ofa guide ring 6 which is adjustable by means of a screw. This ring made of hard steel, supports itself upon the file to be i cut, and is 30' arranged that the deepest cut- ;ter tooth will not cut deeper than necessary. By thenut'd, the guide ring is adjusted, the cutter is put into rotation, and the cutting of-a file then takes place automatically.

' With regardto the circumstance that the ;points of the file teeth in the middle are cut deeper than those at the edges, the following. should'be noted. In Fig. the spiral line of the'cutter tooth points is indicated in dotted lines, namely, a circular line described around the center of the cutter is shown in dotted lines, from the curves visible upon the file, of which the outer one is shown full and the innerone dotted, which at the beginning of the cutting is effected by, the cut roduced by the first teeth 0 while the ful y drawn inner line is produced by the last teeth 0 As, however, the inner circle has smaller radii than the outer one, the .parts :0 will be cut away from the alread reviousl out tooth curves as is indii eated in section in Fig. 11.

the inclined position of the' cutter more is cut away in the center than at the sides of the file, and a hollowtoothing is produced as shown in Figs. 10 and 1 h- A file cutin roooeee this manner cannot be used because the outer edges take deeper hold than the inside. The line shown dotted in Fig. 13 indicates the heights which are cut away by the cutter according to the present .invention. Finally it should be mentioned that the process, 'as may be seen, hasother considerable practical a' dvantages. There is not working, which is always preferable to an intermittent one, but there is always a definite depth of tooth and pitch of tooth.-

Moreover curved files can be made under the aforesaid conditions. Further, the work of cutting can be effected Without making any great requirement on the intelligence of the workmen and progresses automatically in the easiest manner.

Any suitable means adapted to the purpose may be employed for feeding the file blank while the same is being operated upon, such means, however, are not herein shown. V 1

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:

' In an apparatus" for making files, a

toothed cutter of tubular form, having a seri'es of teeth at the end thereof arranged circumferentially and spirally with a pitch equal to the 5 aces between the'teeth of the file to be pro need, said cutting teeth being of gradualincreasing depth or length, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony, whereof I have signed my two subscribing Witnesses.

. JEAN BECI-IE. \Vitnesses:

LOUIS VANDORY,

GERTRUD BoNA.

.name to this specification in the presence of 50 only, as has already been said, a continuous 

